Contents

Introduction 3

General overview 4

Higher education structure 6

Main features of the Russian higher education 6

Types of institutions and degree structure 8

Admission system 11

Tuition fees 18

The content of education 12

Evaluation criteria 12

The impact of the new Russian reality: 12

Current trends: 13

Teacher and Student roles in the learning process 14

Teacher’s position 14

Student’s position 14

Russian education vs. US education: 15

Main legal framework 16

Authorities and organisations 16

Governance structure 17

Systems of financing of HEIs 18

Quality assurance 19

Key Features of the Modernization of Education Program 20

Main trends in the government's policy on internationalization 24

Conclusions 26

References 29

Introduction

Russia has a long-standing tradition in high-quality education for all citizens. It probably has also one of the best mass-education systems in the world producing a literacy rate exceeding most Western European countries.

Though recognised for its rich traditions, Russian higher education had long remained in isolation from the world community, being under the restraints of a closed planned economy. The government that ensured a system of 'state orders' (goszakaz) introduced a range of programmes for training specialists and provided for uniform curricula in higher education institutions. The transition to the market economy and integration of the Russian Federation into the world economy forced a revision in approaches to the area of higher education.

Russian higher education embarked on a range of modernizing processes such as the introduction of a multi-level educational system, competition with other Russian and foreign educational establishments, increased independence of students and the development of new educational technologies. In addition, Russian universities had to ensure a flexible response of academic programs to market demands and needs.

References

1. The Russian system of higher education in view of the Bologna process, by Chuchalin, A, Boev, O, Kriushova, A // Journal: International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education ISSN: 0020-7209 Volume 44 Issue 2, April 2007, pp 109-117

2. Glenn E. Curtis, ed. Russia: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1996.

3. Reforming Russia’s Education System, by Abdur Chowdhury and Inna Verbina // Russian Economy—The Month in Review, February 2003

4. Current Trends in Russian Higher Education by Anna Smolentseva // International Higher Education, Summer 1999

5. Интернет-ресурс: http://d1.hse.ru/lingua/en/hse_reform.html

6. Интернет-ресурс: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_russia

7. Интернет-ресурс: http://www.russianenic.ru/english/rus/index.html

Примечаний нет.